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Enhancing food security through forest landscape restoration

Guatemala Chiqimula province

Farmers in the Chiquimula province of Guatemala engaged in participatory planning and dissemination of a traditional agroforestry method called kuxur rum. Kuxur rum uses a native tree planted throughout agricultural plots to protect and improve the quality of soils yielding a more resilient agricultural system.

Nature-based Intervention:

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) worked with the Guatemalan Ministry of Agriculture to implement a food security program in Chiquimula province. The main intervention required the implementation of a traditional agroforestry system called kuxur rum, which relies on the dispersed planting of the native Gliricidia sepium throughout agricultural plots. This practice helps protect soil and crops from the potentially erosive effect of rain and preserve soil moisture in the dry season. Furthermore, the shade provided by the trees reduces evapotranspiration while leaf litter naturally adds organic matter to the soil below. Kuxur rum is a traditional practice that allows farmers to take advantage of local natural resources and reduce dependence on foreign inputs. The planning, adoption, and promotion of the practice was disseminated through participatory farmer field schools.

Overview of context and outcomes:

Guatemala experiences high levels of food insecurity and malnutrition partly as a result of hazards to agricultural production including droughts, erosion, wildfires, landslides caused by extreme weather events, and lack of seeds and planting material.

Case effectiveness on

Climate change

Mitigation: Positive

It is reported that kuxur rum is likely to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions by accumulating biomass and carbon stocks and reducing the need to burn organic matter for agriculture.

Adaptation: Positive

As a result of the intervention, fewer crop losses related to extended drought periods and other climate-related hazards were reported. Communities reported an increase of 50% in corn yields and 9% in bean yields. The number of months with reported extra reserves of grain increased from 5.4 to 7.9 months for beans and 2.6 to 6.7 months for corn. Communities also reported increased water flow in lower parts of the basin likely improving their adaptive capacity.

Ecosystem health

Ecological effect: Positive

The kuxur rum practices have been reported to yield positive impacts on ecosystems by preventing deforestation, increasing biodiversity, protecting water resources, and reducing erosion. The planting of native trees on agricultural land has reportedly decreased pressure on forests due to the increased on-farm availability of firewood.

Socioeconomic outcomes

Kuxur rum has reportedly reduced several health risks facing the community including the exposure to pollution from agrochemicals and respiratory issues related to burning methods. Farmers have also reported financial savings through the increased on-farm availability of wood.

Governance

The implementation of the project is cogoverned by the Food and Agriculture Organization and the Guatemalan Ministry of Agriculture.

Finance

This project received additional funding through the Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation.

Monitoring and evaluation

Monitoring and reporting of the area took place with farmer field schools being the main location for information dissemination.

Trade-offs and limitations

No information yet available on tradeoffs.

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Close up of agro crops
Photo © Scot Nelson

Intervention type

  • Food production
Targets poor/disadvantaged

Ecosystem type

  • Terrestrial production

Climate change impacts addressed

  • Loss of food production
  • Drought
  • Reduced soil quality

Instigators

  • Other
  • National government/agency

Societal challenges

  • Biodiversity conservation
  • Climate change adaptation
  • Climate change mitigation
  • Disaster risk reduction
  • Economic and Social development
  • Food security
  • Health
  • Energy security
  • Water security

Outcomes

  • Food security: Positive
  • Water security: Positive
  • Health: Positive
  • Local economics: Positive
  • Livelihoods/goods/basic needs: Positive
  • Energy security: Positive
  • Disaster risk reduction: Positive
  • Rights/empowerment/equality: Not reported
  • Conflict and security: Positive
  • No. developmental outcomes reported: 9

Resources

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Literature info

  • Grey literature
Case methodology not reported